A device that converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells. Composed of semiconductor materials, these panels absorb sunlight and generate direct current (DC) electricity, which can be used to power various devices or be stored in batteries. Advantages include renewable energy production, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and potential cost savings on electricity bills. Common types include monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film panels, each offering different efficiencies and applications. Solar panels are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings, as well as in space applications